2020 MEXT Japanese Government Scholarship Undergraduate Students Natural Sciences Qualifying Examination Mathematics (B): Problem 1(5)
This problem appears at the Qualifying Examinations for Applicants for Japanese Government (MEXT) Scholarships 2020 . There are two mathematics exams: one for biology-related natural sciences (Mathematics A), and another for physics- and engineering-related natural sciences (Mathematics B). This problem is from the 2020 Mathematics (B) questionnaire . The official answer key is here . Problem 1(5) The angle \theta\left( 0\lt \theta \lt \frac{\pi}{2}\right) between the two lines y=(2-\sqrt{3})x and y=(\sqrt{3}-2)x on the xy-plane is \fbox{ A }. Solution For convenience, let us name the lines l_1 and l_2. \begin{align} l_1: y = (2-\sqrt{3})x\\ l_2: y = (\sqrt{3}-2)x \end{align} Let us also call the angle that l_1 makes with the positive x-axis \theta_1, and the angle that l_2 makes with the positive x-axis \theta_2. The problem seeks to find the angle \theta which is the smaller of |\theta_1-\theta_2| and $\pi-|\t...